The map and compass are two essential tools for outdoor navigation. Knowing how to use them together to find your way in the wilderness can be a lifesaver. Here’s a step-by-step guide to using a map and compass:
1. Start by orienting your map. This means matching the map’s orientation to the landscape you’re in. Line up north on the map with north in the field. A compass can help you do this.
2. Identify your location on the map. This is easier said than done, especially if you’re unfamiliar with the area. Look for distinctive landmarks that you can see in the field and can locate on the map.
3. Plan your route. Once you know where you are, you can map out your route. Look for trails, roads, rivers, and other features that can help you find your way.
4. Mark your route on the map. Use a pen or marker to draw a line from your starting point to your destination. This will help you keep track of your progress.
5. Use your compass to stay on course. Hold the compass in front of you and rotate the bezel until the red needle is lined up with the north mark on the compass. This will tell you which direction you need to head in.
6. Take a bearing. A bearing is a measurement of direction. To take a bearing, line up the edge of the compass with your starting point and destination. Then, rotate the bezel until the red needle is lined up with the north mark. The number on the bezel is your bearing.
7. Follow your bearing. Walk in the direction of the bearing until you reach your destination. It may take some trial and error to stay on course, but if you keep your bearing you should reach your destination.
Using a map and compass is a skill that takes practice to master. With enough practice, you’ll be able to use your map and compass with confidence.
Map reading an O/S Map:
• Orientate the Map: Start by orienting the map to match the landscape. The north arrow at the edge of the map will show you which direction is north.
• Key and Symbols: Understand the key and symbols of the map. Every map will have a key that explains the symbols used on the map. Pay special attention to the symbols for the route you are planning to take.
• Contour Lines: Contour lines are lines on a map that connect points of equal height above sea level. The contour lines will give you an idea of the terrain and the steepness of hills.
• Grid Lines: Grid lines are used to help you identify your location on the map. Each line represents a certain number of kilometres.
• Scale: The scale of the map will tell you the ratio between the distance on the map and the distance in real life. For example, 1:50,000 means that one centimetre on the map is equal to 50,000 centimetres in real life.
• Spot Heights: Spot heights are numbers written on the map that tell you the height in meters of the point on the map.
• Compass Rose: The compass rose on a map will tell you the direction of North, South, East and West and will also tell you the number of degrees of each direction.
• Legend: The legend will tell you the different types of roads and paths that are on the map and what type of land they are located on.
• Map Details: Pay attention to the details of the map. Look out for landmarks, water bodies, shelter, campsites, and other important points you may need to know.
Map reading FAQs
Q: What is a map scale?
A: A map scale is the ratio between a distance on the map and the corresponding distance on the ground. It is usually expressed as a fraction, such as 1:50,000, or as a bar graph showing the relative distances.
Q: What are contour lines?
A: Contour lines are lines drawn on a map that connect points of equal elevation above sea level. They are used to represent the shape of the land and its steepness.
Q: How do I use a compass?
A: To use a compass, first orient the map by aligning the north arrow on the map with the north arrow on the compass. Then, draw a line on the map in the direction you want to go and rotate the compass so that the direction arrow points to the line. Finally, follow the direction arrow until you reach your destination.
Q: What is the difference between a topographic and a road map?
A: A topographic map shows terrain features such as elevation, contour lines, and bodies of water. A road map shows roads and related features such as highways, cities, and towns.
Products Recommended
Silva Compass – https://amzn.to/3RURwtD
O/S Maps – Landranger Maps / Explorer Maps
